HYPONATREMIA (electrolyte imbalance)
HYPONATREMIA Hyponatremia is a low sodium concentration in the blood It is generally defined as a sodium concentration of less than 135 mmol/L (135 mEq/L) , with severe hyponatremia being below 125mEq/L Affects plasma osmolality changes in plasma sodium levels will affects plasma osmolality that will cause fluid shift across the brain cells and cause life threatening seizures PLASMA OSMOLALITY = 2( sodium + potassium ) +BUN/2.8 + GLUCOSE/18 BUN = BLOOD UREA NITROGEN NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY = 285 -295 mOsm/L URINE OSMOLALITY = 100 - 900 mOsm/L.it usually fluctuates a lot and helps to maintain plasma osmolality in a narrow range of 10 mOsm/L Normal sodium - 135 -145 meq Mild Hypo sodium - 130 - 135 meq Moderate Hypo sodium - 125 - 135 meq severe hypo sodium - < 125 meq - high risk of causing the fluid shift across the brain predisposing - Life threatening seizures HYP...