METABOLIC ALKALOSIS (electrolyte imbalance)
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS It is a metabolic condition in which the PH of tissue is elevated beyond the normal range (7.35-7.45) In chronic vomiting, loss of water + HCL(Hypochloremia) ↓ Dehydration ↓ GFR decreased and the activation of RAAS(renin angiotensin aldosterone system) ↓ increase aldosterone ↓ Hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis CAUSES: Congenital hypertropic pyloric stenosis Ca stomach Healed peptic ulcer disease TREATMENT: Normal saline(0.9%) - so it is saline/chloride responsive metabolic alkalosis but if still PH > 7.55 in spite of fluids give NH4CL (Ammonium chloride) HYPOKALEMIC METABOLIC ALKALOSIS - CHLORIDE NON RESPONSIVE METABOLIC ALKALOSIS CAUSES : Nephrotic syndrome protein losing enteropathy eg: celiac sprue CHF Cirrhosis TREATMENT: Spironolactone and restrict salt intake